What is decreased bone density?
Decreased bone density, also known as osteopenia or osteoporosis, is a common condition characterized by porous and brittle bones. This happens when old bone cells are broken down faster than new bone tissue can be formed to replace them.
Some key things to know about decreased bone density:
- It often develops slowly and without symptoms initially
- It is more common in postmenopausal women due to lower estrogen levels
- Major risk factors include vitamin D deficiency, low calcium intake, family history, smoking, alcohol use, and long-term steroid treatment
- Fractures, stooped posture, height loss, and back pain can occur in advanced cases
Fortunately, there are steps you can take to promote bone health and reduce your risk:
- Get enough calcium and vitamin D daily
- Perform weight-bearing and muscle-strengthening exercises regularly
- Avoid smoking and heavy alcohol intake
- Have any medications that affect bone reviewed
- Get a DXA scan to check your bone density
If you are concerned about your bone health, the caring professionals at Revive Hormone Institute can help. Our comprehensive osteoporosis treatment program includes nutrition counseling, customized supplementation based on your hormone levels and needs, weight-bearing activity plans, and follow up bone density tests to monitor your progress.
Signs and Symptoms
In the early stages of bone loss, most people do not experience obvious symptoms. However, over time, decreased bone density can lead to:
- Fractures and broken bones, especially in the wrist, hip, and spine
- Stooped posture and curved upper back as vertebrae compress
- Back pain due to small fractures or nerve compression
- Loss of height over time
- Loose or missing teeth
Causes and Risk Factors
Some key risk factors for decreased bone density include:
- Being female, especially after menopause when estrogen declines rapidly
- Vitamin D deficiency, which impairs calcium absorption
- Inadequate calcium intake over many years
- Family history of osteoporosis
- Smoking and excessive alcohol intake
- Long-term oral steroid medication use like prednisone
- Inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis
Diagnosis and Treatment
If you're at risk for decreased bone density, your doctor may order a DXA scan to precisely assess your bone mineral density. From there, they can advise treatment options, which may include:
- Supplements like calcium, vitamin D, and in some cases hormone therapy
- Osteoporosis medications like bisphosphonates to inhibit bone breakdown
- Strength training and weight-bearing activities
Lifestyle changes like eating bone-healthy foods, quitting smoking, and limiting alcohol are also important for managing bone loss. With a comprehensive treatment plan tailored to your needs, stronger bones are within reach!